Introduction Modic changes are pathological alterations in the vertebral endplates and adjacent bone marrow, detectable through magnetic...

Illustration of a spinal column highlighting normal disc alignment, Modic changes with disc narrowing, and retrolisthesis, indicating...

Spondylolisthesis is a condition that affects the vertebrae in the spine, leading to significant discomfort and mobility issues. As...

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that affects millions of people worldwide. It occurs when the protective cartilage at the...

Iliotibial band friction syndrome, often known as ITB syndrome, is a common issue for many athletes and active individuals. It typically...

Semimembranosus tendinitis is a common issue, especially among athletes and active individuals. It involves inflammation of the...

Unravelling the Mysteries of Arthritis: Understanding Physiology, Symptoms, and Signs and Exploring the Role of Osteopathy in Treatment